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D. W. WRIGHT. RULE POR GALGULATING TIME AND MEASURES. `110.61151.'

Patented July 23, 1867.

- @uiten t'str atmt @Hirn DAVID W. WRIGHT; O F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR lO THOMAS L. WRIGHT, 0F SAME'PLACE.

Leiters .Patent No. 67,151, dated July 23, 1857.'

flits Situatie nfsmh tu in ttm intim amt ant making part nf tin sami.

To ALL WHOM I'r MAY eoNcERN.:

Be it known that I, DAVID W. WRIGHT, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented lcertain new und useful Improvements in an Instrument and Means or Method for Calculating Time in Combination with :LRnl'ing and Measuring Apparatus, and which 1 denominate a Time-Scale and Calculator. The following is a full, clear, and exactdcscription thereof, reference being had to the annexedh'drawings making part of the sume, in which-` Figure 1 represents that side of the scale upon which calculations of time are to be made, and also the sliding-bar or rod a,partially drawn. ont from its groove or channel, which is represented at b.

Figure i. is the reverse side of the scale, representing divisions inte inches, and also various subdivisions thereof, to be used for measuring distances.

el, iig. 1, roprcsentsthe upper edge ofthe scale, and e of the same figure represents the lower edge thereof.

'One lor both of these edges should be made as true and even throughout-the length thereof as convenient, for the purpose of ruling. The side of the stationary part ofthe scale represerited in iig. 1 is divided into'twelve parte or divisions, called monthly'divsions, by lines fffffffffffff drawn across it at right angles, or nearly so, with the edges ofthe scale, the spaces between them representing the twelve months in alyear, commencing with January on the left, and going through the months of a year consecutively to and including December on the right. `These spaces are not of uniform length, but vary slightly according to l:he number of days in any given month. Within eachA of these monthly divisions or spaces are contained the name and number of the month which'that division or space is intended torepresent, and also the number of daysbelonging to that month.- The lines ff, kc., 'are-placed at such convenientdistances apart as to admit of subdivisions between them, representingeach of the days in any given month, commencing on the leftt'the first line-after anyy monthly division in any given month representing the first day of that mouth, and the next the second day thereof, and so on through that division to the last day of the month, which is represented by the line forming the monthly division for thenextmonth. The lines or marks on the stationary part of the scale, representing the days of the month, called day-lines, are equidista-nt from each other throughout the whole length of the scale, and correspond'in number with the days of the year. They are shown on the drawing, g. 1, below the sliding-*bar a, and its groove orchannel L and the fifth one in each month is slightly extended lower than the others, and the numbers 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30, showing the numbers of days in any given month, represented by any extended line, are placed under or near said extended lines,-to nid in Amore readily ascertaining the dey of the month which any particular day 'line or mark in that division represents. The sliding-bar or rod a. is accurately fitted to a groove or channel', b, the groove being open at each end of the scale, so that the bar may be conveniently movcd to the right or left, as desired. An end view' of the scale, showing this groove, with the sliding-bar slightly drawn hack, may be seen inV fig. 3 of the drawings. This bar or slide is also divided into three hundred and sixty-ve equal parts or spaees-by short lines or marks corresponding with the number of days in a year, eachmark representing one day; 'the rst line or mark ou the left after the zero or cipher mark representing the first day, the next one-on the right the second day, and so on to the right through the whole length of the scale, until every day in the yearis represented by a. mark or line, every fifth line ormark being somewhat extended or identified, in order to distinguish it from the rest, and every tenth line or mark thereof being numbered with a. number corresponding with its number in the series of lines or marks on the slide from the left, the more readily to facilitate calculations of time by the use of, said instrument, as hereinafter described. These day-lines or marks on the slide and the spaces between them must exactly coincide with the day lines or marks and the spaces between them on the stationary part ofthe scale before described, so that when the mark or line on the slide representing the three hundred and sixty-t't'u day of the year is set to correspond with the marl: or line on the stationary part of :the scale representing that number, there will be a coincidence between the two sets of day-marks or lines and the spaces between them, on Athe slide and stationary part ef the scale throughout the whole length thereof. The letters M, W, and.-F,'f.it will be seen from the drawings, fig'. A1, are also marked upon the slide over or near certain of the day-marks, commencingat the left hand, and being repeated nt fixed intervals throughout the length of the slide, :These letters'rcpresent the initials of, the days ofthe week, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, and stand for those days respectively, M representing Monday, W Wednesday, andF Friday. l The initial letters ofthe other days ofthe week are not marked on the drawings for want of room; but the day of the week can be reifdily ascertained by reckoning the day-lines from any given initial letter on the slide to the -next -succeeding initial letter,vor the scalemny be made of suicient dimensions to admit of the initial letters for all -the days of the week being marked`on the slide."` Instead of these initial letters being used, other marks or signs may be used4 representingfthe same days; or other days in the week may he represented'instead of the ones named, by their respective-initial letters,or other appropriateand known marks or signs.' The use of these initial letters or signs is, to aid in finding out what day of the week any givenday of the month in any year will come on. For instance, if it be desired to find what day of theweok the 20th day of April, 1,866, will come on, you, place the first line or mark on the'slide from the left end thereof, representing the vday of the week on which the year camel in (which in that year was Monday) over the mark or line on the stationary part of `the scale representing the 1st day of January, and then by inspecting the scale it will be found that the day-line representing the 20th'f vApril on the stationary part of the scale exactly coincides with the day-line on the slide marked F, which is Friday, and this is the day of the week on which the 20th of Aprilca'me -in that year. And while the 'slide is thus set fortbat particular year, it can be readily ascertained in the saine way, without moving the blide, what particular day of the-week any given day in' any month iu that year will come on, and so on for any year desired, being careful to adjust -the initial line or mark of New Year's'day en 'the slide so as to exactly coincide with the day-line or mark onothe stationary part of the scale representing the 1st day of, January.

To use said scale in ascertaining the month and day o f the month in the same -yeajr on which any given number of days will expire, inove the slide until the zero or cipher mark on itexactly coincides .with the daylineor mark on the stationary part of the scale representing the day from which the calculation is t/o be made;

then, from an inspection of the numbers on the slide te the right, and the day-marks or lines and their figures to the right on the stationary part of the scalowith which they respectively coincide, any number of days in that year from the given ldate may be readily ascertained. For instance, it' it be desired to'ndout the month, day ofthe month, and number of the month ninety days from the 5th day of February will expire, movel the slide until thezcro or cipher markl on it ei'ractly coincides with the day-mark for the fifth of February on -thc stationary part oi thcscale. `-It will then be seen that the 90-day mark on the slide exactly coincides with the day-mark for the 6th of May on the stationary part of the scale; `from which lit will be seen thatninety days from the'th of February falls on the 6th day of May, andy as this month is numbered 5 ou the scale, it is readily seento bepthe fifth month ofthe year, and that it hasthirty-one days; and while the slide ,is thus' adjusted any number ci' days from thesame date in that year, together with the month and dey, and number of'4 the month on which they respectively-occur, may ber'readilvy ascertained in the same way'. ToV illustrate: If a' i note were made payable ninety days from the 5th of lebruary,4 the 'time when it becomes payable may bsrendily ascertained by moving the slidev so that the zero or cipher-marken it exactly coincides wththe daymark for-,the 5th of .February onthe stationary part ot' the scale. The i90-dey mark on the slide then exactly coincides with the' day-marken the stationary part. vof the scale for th-e 6th of May, which is ninety days from the 5th of February, and, allowing three days' grace, the note' wculd3become payable on' the 9th of May; and the same process lou the scale will enable a person to in'd out` the month, day and number of the month in the -same year on which a given numberl of days from any given'dr-te therein will erpire. When the time required from any givendaito runs'into .the next year, adjust the slide by drawing it to the left until the lastfdiyision on' it, representing the three hundredandsixty-iifth day, exactly coincideswith the day-mark on thestat-ioncry part ofthe scale, 'representing the datefro'm which the calculationis to be made, and the number of days on the slide to the left will" b found to exaotly'ceincide mithtbe day-mark on the ,stationary par-t of the scale-' 4 representing the day ofthe monthmn which the time required-will expire. For instance, if it be desired totind from the scale lwhen 'a lnote'payable in ninety days from the 5th of November will become duegtmove the siidc until 'the last division on itrepresenting the threehundred and sixty-Mtb day of the year leAac tlycoincides 'with the day-mark on the stationary part 'of the scale, representing the 5th day of November, and at the left` en the slide the day-markfor ninety will exactly coincidewiththe day-mark on the stationary part-of thexjscale rem-0L seating the 3d day of February, which is the time required;` orthothree dayshg'rac may belallowedmakin"g the 6th of Februarythe day when tbe'note becomes payable. When-the time lto ibecomputed from any, given date consists of a certainvnumber of months extending into the next year, the iiumberinglot` the months on the scale will be foiind convenient, and materially facilitate the calculation; and this numbering will also be found'conveniont when 'the number of the month is used to designato 1t 'instead of its name, which isnot unfrequent linvaricus sections of the country, especially among the religious sect known as Friends., 'Should it be desired to find out from the scale when a note is due bearing date Qctober 10, payable in nine months lirom its date,- itl will be seen from the scale that Octoberl is the tenth month of theyear, and that there are two more months left in that year, which two months being. subtracted from the number of months tho note hasta' run willleave seven months, or bring the' time of its maturity to the seventh month o'f the next year, which, fr'om an inspection of the'scale, it will bereadily'scen is the month of July, and of course the 10th day of that month. Now, if it is desired to ascertain thenumber offdays between'the 4date of this note and the time o`f its maturity, all that is necessary to be done is to move the slide as before described, so that the 365th-day mark on it shall exactly coincide withthe day-mark on the gtationary part of the scale representing the l10th day of October, the date of the note; then observing the number ofthe day-marken the'slide which coinciden with the 10th'day ofJuly, the maturity of the note,ittwill be found that the note had two hundred and seventy'- three days toirugn from its date' to maturityg'or two hundred and seventy-six if thc three days grace are added.

In the use of 4the above-described instrument, 'it must'be understood that one dayis to be added, in 'makingl calculations of time, to the twenty-eight days in February, every leap year, making that month fcr that year to consist of twenty-nine days instead of twenty-eight, as shown on the drawing.

It is believed thataccountants, book-keepers, and others will derive much assistance and find their calculations of time much facilitated by the use of my time-scale and calculator, and that they will be very materially aided in computing time for interest, equation of payments, &c.

The same instrumentmay also be used as a rule or measure, when desired, without in anyway impairing its utility as a time-scale and calculator, as before described. It is obvious that the slide, insteadof beingfitted and moved from right to left and from left to right in agroovc or channel, as above described, might be othen Wise attached to the stationary part of the scale, and moveil to the right or left as desired, having upon it the initial letters, numbers, and marks above specified, without materially changing the relation between said initial letters, marks, and numbers on the slide with the marks, numbers, and months on the stationary part of the scale, the slide and stationary part of the scale, however, maintaining substantially the same relation. to each other'. i i i I do not claim separately as my invention a timescale or calendar having a slide with marks, spaces, and numbers upon it, in combination with the stationary part of the scale, divided into day and monthly divisions; but what I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

'llie combination of the above-described-slide a, having upon it initial day-festters, and otherwise marked and numbered substantially as above specified, with the stationary part of said scale constructed, marked, and

divided substantially as above described.

' DAVID W. WRIGHT.

Witnesses:

Minus B. ANDRUs, SETE M. Erinnnnen. 

